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Web3 and Insurance

Source: Finance Derivative

Authored by Samiul Chowdhury, Principal Actuarial Consultant, RNA Analytics

Innovation in the digital world is accelerating. Whilst the web has been in constant transformation since the very first network for computers was developed in the 60s, a major conceptual step change has begun to occur that marks a significant shift in the way the web is used.

The first such shift took place around the early 2000s, when what is retrospectively referred to as the Web1 era (which describes that of largely read-only, static pages) made way for a new iteration. Web2 built on the foundations of Web1 to allow users to participate in content – albeit in an environment controlled by Big Tech firms.

Now a second shift, to Web3, is underway that aims to create a decentralised web – one where control and ownership of data is no longer monopolised by a small number of large firms, but instead is owned by multiple independent parties in a globally distributed infrastructure of protocols and ledgers, including blockchains. In the Web3 era, information will be increasingly connected and organised by semantic metadata. Crypto is the currency in this new token-based economy where users maintain control and build value.

The web’s new, democratised iteration requires – and begets – innovation both in the tech itself, and in the products and services that either rely on the internet for their application or distribution (whether solely or partially), or are affected by the changed use of internet-based technologies (both at work and at home). This shift will fundamentally alter some business models.

One element of Web3 that is getting a good deal of column inches at the moment is that of the metaverse. At home, the metaverse, or ‘cyber space’, already exists in a basic form in the gaming world, with Roblox or Fortnite being two of the better known metaverses amongst Generation Z. Beyond gaming, a vision for an ‘industrial metaverse’ is emerging – where a wide range of new technologies create highly immersive ways for people, things and organisations to interact, through hyper-connectivity and advanced data analytics.

In Web3 as in the metaverse, new markets, new threat dynamics and liabilities – and even entirely new industries may emerge. Both developments are expected alter long-established business risks and liabilities, and create altogether new ones.  Just as the opportunities and risks will change, many of the traditional approaches to insurance may need to be completely rethought so that they are fit to respond to new models and exposures.

Forward looking carriers are already beginning to think about how their customers’ needs may change in this new paradigm. Cyber risks and intellectual property infringement are two areas where new the insurance policies of old will no longer be fit for purpose. Calculating the opportunities and risks will require powerful modelling tools for insurers to make the most of the new dynamics.

In this web of tomorrow, insurers’ own operations, the way that carrier interact with insureds could change radically, as will the composition of revenue pools, and distribution models; and actuaries will be called upon to create new models to support insurers through this transition.

Tomorrow’s world

Whilst there is a huge degree of excitement around Web3 (and the metaverse), neither will happen overnight and both could well change direction at any point. At the World Economic Forum’s Davos meeting in January 2023, participants spoke of the metaverse not as the “endgame” but as part of “ongoing digital transformation” and it is indeed much more useful to think of the evolving concepts of both Web3 and the metaverse in this way – as a journey rather than a destination. Along this journey, a raft of new legal frameworks will be needed to respond to the challenges of insuring a changing world.

A number of associations, foundations and alliances have sprung up in recent years to help support and realise advances in Web3 and metaverse technologies and tools, each with a different agenda – from collaborating for an open and interoperable infrastructure, to ensuring the ethical operation of the new ecosystem through the development of standards.

Among these, a WEF panel convened at the organisation’s annual meeting featured some of the work that have been carried out by the Forum’s own initiative to held define and build the metaverse. Its first two papers focus on interoperability, governance and the consumer’s role in the metaverse of the future. The regulation of digital identity remains another of the WEF’s key concerns, and one that has a plethora of implications for insurance and insurers.

The issue of systemic financial risk in Web3 more widely was mentioned in the Bank of England’s recent biannual Systemic Risk Survey, in which the risks surrounding cryptocurrencies were raised by 4% of respondents, with the main concerns focused on cryptocurrencies as an asset, and a shift to cryptocurrencies (even stablecoins) being used for payments.

The shift to Web3 will be a non-linear process of uncertain length, but for insurance, as the backbone to innovation (from the oldest maritime insurance contracts to innovative space coverages) the work to consider the risks and opportunities begins now.

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Auto

Preparing for the Surge: Meeting the MCS Requirements of Electric Trucks

John Granby, Director of eTruck & Van, EO Charging and Erik Kanerva, Sales Director at Kempower

Auto electrification is moving at a rapid pace, with electric vehicles (EVs) going from a passion project for early technology adopters to the mainstream – especially when you consider the need to electrify consumer and commercial vehicles ahead of the government’s 2035 Zero Emission Vehicle mandate.

Electrification is also starting to play a vital role in public policy and commercial plans, leading to vehicle availability and a variety of improvements and increasing interest among commercial fleets’ prospective customers. As a result, all of the main car and van manufacturers have a respectable EV offering, and the eBus industry is well on its way to proposing a similarly credible offering for citizens.

Heavy-duty vehicle electrification has progressed slowly, but the pace has picked up over the last year, with several of the major truck manufacturers testing completely electric heavy trucks that are now near-ready to enter the general market.

This is a critical shift in the move towards net zero, given that heavy commercial vehicles account for around 25% of CO2 emissions from road transport emissions in the EU and approximately 6% of the region’s overall emissions. It’s a similar situation in the US, where medium and heavy-duty trucks account for around 29% of total road transport emissions or approximately 7% of the country’s total but make up fewer than 5% of all vehicles on the road.

Having clear goals and objectives in place for fleet electrification will be vital to ensuring the transport sector is on track. For example, Scania’s goal is that 50% of all vehicles it sells annually by 2030 will be electric. Despite Scania being the slowest into the market with battery electric vehicles, other vehicle manufacturers are following the same target, with Volvo Trucks setting itself a target for 50% fully electric vehicles by 2030 and the same with Renault, for example.

Meeting this ambitious goal will require the appropriate charging infrastructure in place so customers have the confidence to invest in the large-scale electrification of their fleets. That is one of the reasons why charging system manufacturer Kempower expects the commercial vehicle DC charging market in Europe and North America to have a 37% compound annual growth rate until 2030.

Trucks require substantial battery packs to provide a similar range as traditional engines, and having the right infrastructure in place to keep them regularly charged is certainly a key factor to consider when electrifying truck fleets. According to the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association (ACEA), trucks will require up to 279,000 charging outlets by 2030, with 84% located in fleet hubs. By 2030, buses will require up to 56,000 charging outlets, with fleet hubs accounting for 92% of the total.

The Charging Interface Initiative (CharIN) is a global organisation that has been working on a standard for the rapid charging of trucks for several years. CharIN developed the Megawatt Charging System (MCS) concept, which serves as the foundation for the ISO and IEC standards which govern the design, installation, and operation of truck fast charging infrastructures.

The MCS is intended to standardise the quick delivery of enormous amounts of charging power to vehicles and provide stronger communication, which minimises downtime caused by unsuccessful charging events.

Customers who drive commercial vehicles follow particular driving habits. By taking advantage of the required break time from the hours-of-service restrictions governing their drivers, customers can travel further each day thanks to the increased charge rate that MCS offers. Better electrification of commercial cars is made possible by legislation that mandates that drivers take rest breaks. As a result, shorter charging durations to accommodate these breaks are beneficial.

The MCS will operate at up to 3,000A and 1,25 KV at its final development stage, delivering up to 3,75 MW of power when charging. With the backing of a significant segment of the industry, MCS is founded on an international consensus on technical standards. An internationally recognised standard is essential to promote harmonised solutions that reduce costs and boost interoperability without sacrificing safety and uptime.

Trucks on the highway are a key focus of the MCS, not only depot pricing. Large truck units operating long-haul routes and some smaller rigid trucks operating cross-border short-haul deliveries—such as logistics organisations operating deliveries between the United Kingdom and continental Europe—pay particular attention to this issue.

Most MCS charging occurs while drivers take breaks from their routes, but some depots may have a single MCS charger on site to do a flash charge if a truck needs to be turned around quickly. In order to balance this unit’s demand against other chargers on site, load management is crucial because it will require a power supply of at least 1 MW+.

Fleet operators should look to consider incorporating MCS into their whole charging ecosystem and solutions, regardless of whether they are thinking about how electrification will affect their fleet of vehicles on the road or how their depots will operate.

Adopting cutting-edge energy management technology solutions will enable effective fleet electrification, particularly at depots. Investing in effective load management technologies will be critical to maximising existing grid infrastructure capacity while decreasing the need for additional investments in generation or distribution capacity.

Investing in and deploying effective energy management technologies is the key to a smoother, more efficient shift for commercial fleet operators. They are critical in lowering energy expenses, both economically and environmentally.

Energy management solutions for charging electric fleets will also help maximise existing grid capacity, reducing the need to invest in new generation or distribution capacity. This will be an essential factor for fleet managers to consider as eTruck fleets expand and other commercial vehicle fleets, such as buses, increase demands on infrastructure.

With unprecedented energy and investment going into electrification, 2024 looks to be a pivotal year for picking up the momentum of progress around MCS in the logistics sector. If done right, it will create a shift of optimism in the market to accelerate the electrification of commercial fleets and promises to positively impact other sectors, such as marine and aviation, contributing significantly to reducing carbon emissions.

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Business

Three ways beauty and personal businesses can gain back lost revenue due to admin, ahead of summer

Attributed to: Samina Hussain-Letch, Executive Director, Square UK

The entrepreneurial beauty and personal care sector in Britain amounts to a whopping 36 billion pounds, but the pressure of manual labour endured by business owners is an obstacle for converting revenue and growth.

Our recent industry study highlights that nearly half (43%) of British barbers, spas, nail salons, personal trainers, tattoo parlours, and piercing studios are not using digital platforms or tools to automate bookings, ultimately losing over a full working day each week to administrative tasks alone. This equates to approximately two months lost per year, to manual admin tasks for beauty and personal care businesses.

We’ve listed three ways beauty and personal care businesses can gain back revenue ahead of summer:

  • Detoxing manual admin

Admin tasks are the equivalent to Pandora’s box for beauty and personal care businesses. The tasks may constitute using paper diaries to schedule appointments, manually rescheduling appointments, or taking bookings and sending reminders by message or phone call.

These seemingly minor chores can be a large time drain for businesses that rely on manual processes. The research found filing down time between client appointments to be one of the most difficult challenges, with 39% of the sector facing this over the last year, alone.

Businesses should identify how they could set timings to the specific duration of each service and still build in cleaning time after the appointment. Digital tools like an appointment booking software play a crucial role. By automating manual admin, owners can offer bookings with a wide booking window, allowing them to spend devoted time on each customer, resulting in the allowance to foster a loyal relationship that will keep them coming back, while giving their workforce time to clean up after the appointment.

  • Tapping into the power of technology

The solution here may sound simple, but business owners should again lean on technology to transform manual labour.

With time back, salons can give their workforce time to speak to customers on what other services they can offer to expand business offerings.

With the integration of tech tools for beauty and personal care businesses, nearly half (48%) of business owners would like staff to treat themselves to finishing work on time, while identifying new training for their team. Adopting a technology solution can unlock efficient management for businesses as appointments can be booked online and reminders can be sent using the software.

With the research showing that 42% of consumers want to book appointments on the weekend or after hours, working with the software promises ease for customers that are looking to make reservations after businesses are closed for the day.  But how can beauty and personal care business owners look to drive up their revenue when switching to an appointment software?

  • Driving up the revenue road

Our research also highlighted that only 1 in 5 of beauty and personal care businesses are automating marketing campaigns or inventory management. This sheds light that not all beauty and personal care businesses are optimising their toolset.

The time gained back from using automated appointment software allows businesses to think more strategically about marketing and pricing. Integration of an automated software readily links up with an online store that allows salons to not only manage inventory more effectively, but offer new products to clients on different channels of their choice.

With new offerings, businesses have extra opportunities and routes to drive up revenue. Selling products online is a sure-fire way of creating new business, as well as keeping their back end organised and offering consumers more options when it comes to buying products that are used within or after their appointment – as take home collateral.

Having an automated booking software for beauty and personal care businesses is a great way to unlock further revenue, train a workforce with time back, spend more time connecting with clientele and ensuring the business is driving bookings even while the salon is closed. It’s a win-win situation that will position businesses for success this year. Because as we all know, a business is only as successful as their customer satisfaction.

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Business

Pay By Bank – The Revolution Changing the Face of Payments

Source: Finance Derivative

By Delia Pedersoli, COO, MultiPay Global Solutions

In the ever-evolving landscape of retail, one trend stands out: the meteoric rise of alternative payment methods (APMs). In recent years, alternative payment methods (APMs) have surged in popularity, constituting nearly 5% of all UK transactions, according to the 2023 BRC Payments Survey.

Among these APMs, Pay By Bank is quickly emerging as a frontrunner, poised to revolutionise the entire payment experience. As consumers increasingly prioritise mobile payments and convenience, the attraction of Pay By Bank gains momentum, reshaping how we choose to shop and make transactions. Notably, UK Finance expects that remote banking payments processed via Faster Payments Service or cleared in-house are projected to rise to £5.7 billion by 2031, nearly doubling from current figures.

Requiring no additional downloads for the customer, Pay By Bank works by users simply selecting the option on the payment device at checkout to scan a uniquely generated QR code that automatically opens their mobile banking app to authorise the transaction. Once approved, funds instantly transfer from the customer’s bank account to the merchant.

A Win-Win For Customers And Merchants

With the rise of today’s ‘zero consumers’ – one that has zero boundaries between the channels they use to shop, zero loyalty to any particular brand and zero patience for bad service and experience – the ability for Pay By Bank to cater to these demands will only help retailers stand in good stead with shoppers. Without needing to go via a third-party app, shoppers can quickly and easy checkout in store by simply using their smartphone to bypass entering their card details or navigating cumbersome checkout procedures.

However, for the retailer, the advantages of Pay By Bank are even more compelling:

  • Significant cost savings – by removing interchange and scheme fees, retailers pay minimal transaction costs every time Pay By Bank is used compared to credit and debit cards. These savings can either be taken as additional profit, used to drive growth elsewhere in the business or improve other aspects of operations and customer experience.
  • Speed and accuracy – in today’s economy, it’s reassuring for retailers to have accurate and real-time visibility of revenue, with quicker access to reserves if its needed. With Pay By Bank, payments and refunds can flow seamlessly and almost simultaneously from the customer’s account to that of the retailer. With funds instantly transferred from the customer to the merchant, Pay By Bank also minimises exposure to fraud.
  • Boosting loyalty – according to McKinsey, the rate of brand switching among consumers doubled from one-third in 2020 to half in 2022, with approximately 90% saying they’ll continue to do so in the future. This spells trouble for retailers. However, the streamlined process of Pay By Bank not only helps foster positive brand perception – combatting the ‘zero consumer’ trend – but also enables retailers to enhance customer understanding by integrating data insights into loyalty programs. Additionally, by consolidating payments from both in-store and online transactions, retailers can discern specific customer behaviours and preferences to tailor promotions.

Clearly, Pay By Bank serves as a multifaceted solution that not only meets the immediate requirements of retailers today but also lays the groundwork for future advancements in retail payment experiences. Choosing to collaborate with a technology partner able to build tailored payment solutions that can seamlessly integrate with existing systems provides merchants with a strategic advantage. Not only does it eliminate the need for substantial investments in new hardware or devices but ensures they can remain receptive to ongoing innovations within this dynamic landscape.

Where Is Pay By Bank Already Seeing Traction?

The rapid adoption of instant payments schemes such as Pay By Bank is already well underway in many parts of the world. In Europe, Sweden’s Swish platform stands out as a clear trailblazer that boasts over 8 million users processing an average of 10.21 transactions per customer in May 2023. Initially launched in 2012 as a peer-to-peer (P2P) mobile payment solution, Swish has since evolved to incorporate business transactions (P2B) and has now firmly embedded itself within Swedish payment culture.

As is evident from its early adoption, Pay by Bank presents an exciting and compelling opportunity for retailers to both supercharge customer experience and profits. In the not-too-distant future, the ability to make payments with such ease will be expected as standard by consumers. Those retailers who don’t prepare now will likely lose out. Staying one step ahead, especially in today’s economic climate, must be a priority.

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